對外經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易大學(xué)李楊在國際經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易學(xué)院作了一場題為“中國集體戶中兒童資源的識別”的講座，李楊，對外經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)國際經(jīng)貿(mào)學(xué)院博士候選人，研究領(lǐng)域為計量經(jīng)濟理論與應(yīng)用。此次講座的主要內(nèi)容是：

　　大多數(shù)中國家庭只有一個孩子，由于一胎化政策。父母給他們唯一的孩子給予豐厚的資源，這就增加了撫養(yǎng)孩子的成本。有多少資源，做了孩子的成本，如果有什么父母有第二個孩子?由于大多數(shù)消費的測量是在家庭層面，需要父母和孩子之間的交流規(guī)則進(jìn)行估算。本文采用中國家庭金融調(diào)查(CHFS)數(shù)據(jù)來估計男子，婦女和兒童的資源股，并檢查各個家庭的差異與不同的人口特征。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，孩子們分享總支出的24%，獨生子女家庭和兩個孩子的家庭38%。與其他國家相比，中國的孩子獲得更多的資源。在這兩種太窮或太富有的家庭，更多的資源從母親轉(zhuǎn)移到孩子，與父親保持穩(wěn)定。特別是在農(nóng)村和無房戶，母親犧牲了她的資源，給孩子。我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，父親更多的貢獻(xiàn)女孩和母親貢獻(xiàn)更大的男孩在家庭中的性別不對稱性。另外，女孩子們享受比男生更多的資源，和孩子獲得更多的資源與年齡在父親的資源為代價的增長。

　　原文： Most families in China have only one child due to the one-child policy. Parents give generous resources to their only child, and this increases the cost of raising children. How much resources does a child cost and what if the parents have a second child? As most consumption is measured at household level, the sharing rule between parents and children needs to be estimated. This paper uses the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) data to estimate the men’s, women’s and children’s resources shares and examines the variances across households with different demographic characteristics. We find that children share 24% of total expenditure in one-child families and 38% in two-child families. Comparing with other countries, Chinese children get more resources. In either too poor or too rich families, more resources are diverted from mother to children, with father’s remaining stable. Especially in households in the rural and having no houses, mother sacrifices much of her resources to children. We also find gender asymmetry within the household that father contributes more to girls and mother contributes more to boys. Besides, girls enjoy more resources than boys, and children get more resources with the rise of age at the expense of father’s resources.